The best way to Use the sed Command in Linux

The title sed stands for “Movement Editor,” and it’s an impressive software that lets you parse and develop into textual content proper from the command line. Whether or not you’re coping with configuration recordsdata, scripts, and even simple textual content, sed is your go-to instrument for speedy and environment friendly textual content manipulation.

The principle use of sed is to seek for explicit patterns of textual content and substitute them with one thing else. It could additionally delete or insert traces and carry out different textual content transformations. It’s in particular helpful for batch modifying of recordsdata or for running inside of shell scripts to automate more than a few duties.

Whilst sed is extremely flexible by itself, it’s regularly utilized in mixture with different Linux instructions like awk for textual content processing, grep for development looking out, and cat for showing record content material. In combination, those gear shape a strong toolkit for textual content processing within the Linux atmosphere.

Normal syntax for sed command:

$ sed [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

1. Textual content substitution

echo "Textual content" | sed 's/Replaceable_Word/The_Word_That_Replaces/'

Use the sed command to look and substitute any a part of the textual content. 's' signifies a seek and substitute activity.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a string “I really like CSS” and you wish to have to interchange “CSS” with “CSS Libraries“.

echo "I really like CSS" | sed 's/CSS/CSS Libraries/'

I really like CSS Libraries

On this instance, the echo command outputs “I really like CSS“, after which sed replaces “CSS” with “CSS Libraries“. The overall output is “I really like CSS Libraries“.

2. Exchange textual content on a particular line in a record

sed '[line] s/tougher/more uncomplicated/g' [file]

The 'g' choice of the sed command is used to interchange anything else that fits the development.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a textual content record named instance.txt with the next content material:

Existence is tricky.
Operating tougher is the important thing to good fortune.
The tougher you're employed, the luckier you get.

To interchange all occurrences of the phrase “tougher” with “more uncomplicated” on line 2 of instance.txt, you could possibly run:

sed '2 s/tougher/more uncomplicated/g' instance.txt

After operating the command, the output displayed at the terminal could be:

Existence is tricky.
Operating more uncomplicated is the important thing to good fortune.
The tougher you're employed, the luckier you get.

Notice that the phrase “tougher” is changed with “more uncomplicated” most effective on line 2.

If you wish to save those adjustments again to the record, you’ll use the -i choice:

sed -i '2 s/tougher/more uncomplicated/g' instance.txt

After operating this command, the content material of instance.txt might be completely modified to:

Existence is tricky.
Operating more uncomplicated is the important thing to good fortune.
The tougher you're employed, the luckier you get.

3. Exchange first matching with new textual content

sed 's/tougher/more uncomplicated/' [file]

This command replaces most effective the primary fit of the quest development.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a textual content record named instance.txt with the next content material:

Existence is tougher than we predict.
Operating tougher is the important thing to good fortune.
No ache, no acquire. Paintings tougher.

You’ll use the sed command to interchange the phrase “tougher” with “more uncomplicated” in every line:

sed 's/tougher/more uncomplicated/' instance.txt

After operating the command, the output might be:

Existence is more uncomplicated than we predict.
Operating more uncomplicated is the important thing to good fortune.
No ache, no acquire. Paintings more uncomplicated.

4. Take away matching traces

sed '/One thing/d' instance.txt

Use the d choice of the sed command to take away any line from a record.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a record referred to as instance.txt with the next content material:

Hi International
One thing is right here
Some other line
But some other line
One thing else

Working the command sed '/One thing/d' instance.txt will output:

Hi International
Some other line
But some other line

5. Seek for a case-insensitive phrase + delete it

sed '/Pattern/Identity' instance.txt

The I choice of the sed command is used to seek for an identical development in a case insensitive approach.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a record named instance.txt with the next content material:

It is a Pattern line.
Some other line.
But some other Pattern line.
Ultimate line.

Working the command sed '/Pattern/Identity' instance.txt will produce the next output:

Some other line.
Ultimate line.

6. Exchange phrases with uppercase

sed 's/(libraries)/U1/Ig' instance.txt

Use the U choice of the sed command to transform any textual content to uppercase letters.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a record named instance.txt with the next content material:

I really like libraries.
libraries are nice.
You'll in finding many books in libraries.

After operating the sed command, the output might be:

I really like LIBRARIES.
LIBRARIES are nice.
You'll in finding many books in LIBRARIES.

7. Exchange phrases with lowercase

sed 's/(libraries)/L1/Ig' instance.txt

The L choice of the sed command is used to transform any textual content to lowercase letters.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a record named instance.txt with the next content material:

Libraries are crucial for analysis.
libraries assist in some ways.
I really like LIBRARIES!

After operating the sed command, the output might be:

libraries are crucial for analysis.
libraries assist in some ways.
I really like libraries!

8. Insert clean traces in a record

sed G [file]

Use the G choice of the sed command to insert clean traces after every line of the record.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a record referred to as instance.txt with the next content material:

Hi
International
This
Is
A
Take a look at

You’ll run the next command to append an additional newline on the finish of every line:

sed G instance.txt

After operating the command, the output might be:

Hi
International
This
Is
A
Take a look at

9. Print record’s line numbers

sed '=' [file]

The = signal is used to print a line quantity ahead of every line of textual content in a record.

Instance:

Let’s say you’ve got a record named instance.txt with the next content material:

Hi
International
This
Is
A
Take a look at

You’ll run the next command to print the road numbers ahead of every line:

sed '=' instance.txt

1
Hi
2
International
3
This
4
Is
5
A
6
Take a look at

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